What is an Anal Fistula?

An anal fistula is an abnormal tunnel-like connection between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. It usually develops due to an infected anal gland that leads to an abscess.

Causes of Anal Fistula

• Anal abscess – The most common cause
• Crohn’s disease (chronic inflammatory bowel disease)
• Tuberculosis (TB)
• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• Trauma or injury to the anal region

Symptoms of Anal Fistula

• Persistent pus or blood discharge from an opening near the anus
• Pain and swelling around the anus
• Redness and irritation
• Fever in some cases
• Difficulty sitting or passing stool

Treatment for Anal Fistula

• Medications: Antibiotics to control infections
• Surgical Procedures:
  • Fistulotomy: The fistula tract is surgically opened and healed from the inside out.
  • Seton Placement: A surgical thread is placed to drain the infection.
  • Laser Surgery: A minimally invasive technique using laser energy.
  • Fibrin Glue or Collagen Plug: Used to seal the fistula tract.

Conclusion:

Anal fistula is a painful condition requiring surgical intervention for complete cure. Early treatment prevents complications.